Sinusitis is an inflammatory process, acute or chronic, of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses, often accompanied by an infectious process primary or secondary.
In case of sinusitis, inflamed mucosa increases in volume, resulting in a narrowing of the hosts of communication between the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. This gives rise to a stagnation of mucus within the sinuses, which becomes an ideal site for the growth of bacteria come from the nasal cavity or oropharyngeal cavity. Determining an overlap between inflammation (which can be of various origins, for example allergic) and infection.
This disease can affect people only when the sinuses are well-developed, which is why children in the pediatric age, in which the breasts are not yet formed, not contract the disease.
Sinusitis can unleash a result of any inflammatory process of the paranasal cavities. Often this is determined by a rhinitis of viral origin (Rhinovirus or other of the family Picornaviridae), bacterial (Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes among many others), fungal (in case of immunodeficiency) or non-infectious (eg allergic rhinitis).
It can therefore develop, as well as other inflammations of the skull cavity (otitis, mastoiditis), following an expansion of an infection that affects before the oropharynx.
Less often the cause of sinusitis can be an infection upper dental arch, which connects with the paranasal sinuses through the root of the molar teeth, or more rarely of the premolar teeth that demolishes the floor of the maxillary sinus ostium causing a communication .
left maxillary sinusitis. The lack of transparency is a sign of the presence of fluid (pus) in the breast.
Symptomatology [edit]
Sinusitis can occur in several forms:
acute, if it persists for a maximum period of 2-3 weeks
chronic if the symptoms last for longer periods (several months)
applicant, if the patient feels during the year more than 3 recurrences.
In general the symptoms of sinusitis consist of pain and sense of pressure to the face, in different zones depending on the paranasal sinus concerned. You can then accompany the nonspecific symptoms of inflammation or infection (headache, fever, runny nose with yellowish-green mucus, productive cough, toothache).
Therapy [edit]
The therapy is based on the use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and cortisone for the most severe cases, antihistamines, nasal decongestants, aerosol therapy with drugs, nasal washes with idrosaline solutions, sprays for topical use. The use of the antibiotic should be carefully evaluated, because the cases of sinusitis are caused by bacteria (which require antibiotic therapy) are much less frequent than in cases of sinusitis caused by viruses. In chronic forms is recommended assiduous spa therapy.
External links [edit]
Inflammation
Paranasal sinuses
Rhinitis
Mastoiditis
Otitis
Related Images [edit]
These images show CT scan of the facial mass, in axial sections and coronal inricostruzione. The examination shows the presence of inflammatory thickening of the lining mucosa to frame the walls of the right maxillary sinus and left. Instead, they appear normopneumatizzati frontal and sphenoid sinuses. The inflammatory material is also present at the level of the ethmoidal cells. Partially blocked by material hypodense the right maxillary ostium, patent instead appears left. They are also the pervious infundibula right and left, the right and left semilunar hiatus, the ostium of the recesses and channels frontonasali sfenoetmoidali bilaterally bilaterally.
